Albano, Angel Kaye R. <br/><br/>
A Life cycle assessment for the quantification of carbon footprint in nipa-based bioethanol /  
Angel Kaye R. Albano, Florence A. Ortal 
 - City of Batac :  MMSU,  2024. 
 - xiv, 52 leaves :  29 cm  
<br/><br/> UTHESIS (Bachelor of Science in Mechanical Engineering) 
<br/><br/>Bibliography: leaves 44-47 
<br/><br/> Rising global temperatures have been partly attributed to increased  greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions from various industrial processes. Among these, the  production of bioethanol, particularly from nipa, is an emerging process. Despite the  growing interest in this biofuel, there has been a lack of research quantifying the  emissions associated with its production. This study conducted a life cycle assessment  focusing on the stages from fermentation to utilization of nipa-based bioethanol. The  assessment used a reference flow involving the production of 1 liter of bioethanol  using 800-L wood distiller. In the utilization phase, emissions from a modified Honda  XR 125 were tested using Qrotech QRO 401 emission tester with a total of 1 liter of  bioethanol blend. The findings revealed that the distillation stage contributes most  significantly to the overall carbon footprint. Although emissions from wood burning  and fermentation were quantified, they were excluded from the global warming  potential (GWP) assessment due to their carbon-neutral status. Compared to  bioethanol derived from corn, sugarcane, and cassava, nipa-based bioethanol was  found to emit the least GWP with the value 0.2473 kg CO2. The study recommends  further life cycle assessments of other distillers used for nipa and suggests including  additional gases, such as methane (CH4) and nitrous oxide (NOx) in the assessments  to provide a more comprehensive environmental impact evaluation.