04097nam a22001937a 4500003000400000005001700004008004100021040001400062100002900076245016000105260003500265300003100300500016100331504003200492520321400524942001603738999001703754952013203771OSt20250805093755.0241209b        |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d  aMMSUcULS  aEnriquez, Frank Henny B.  aDocumentation of the production, utilization and yield of maramais or Teosinte (Zea spp.) as forage crop in Vintar, Ilocos Norte /cFrank Henny B. Enriquez  aCity of Batac :bMMSU, c2024.  axii, 65 leaves : c29 cm.   aThesis (BS in Agriculture major in Animal Science)  -- Mariano Marcos State University-College of Agriculture, Food and Sustainable Development, Batac City   aBibliography : leaves 46-48  a A study was conducted to document the production and utilization practices
 and yield of teosinte (Zea spp) as forage crop of ruminant raisers in Vintar, Ilocos
 Norte. It generally aimed to establish initial data on the farmers’ practices in
 cultivating teosinte/maramais. Specifically, the study aimed to: assess the socio
economic profile of farmers cultivating teosinte/maramais as fodder; document the
 cultural management practices employed by the farmers in the production of
 teosinte/maramais; document the practices of farmers in the utilization of teosinte
 /maramais; and determine the herbage and dry matter yields of teosinte/maramais
 grown by farmers. A total of 70 respondents were randomly taken using a snowball sampling
 method from the 15 different barangays of Vintar, Ilocos Norte. The number of
 respondents per barangay ranges from 1-22. They were interviewed using a
 structured interview schedule. Moreover, fresh herbage yield of their standing crop
 was determined and samples were collected and dry matter yield was determined
 through standard oven drying. A descriptive research design was used in the study.
As to socio-demographic profile of the respondents, more than half (57%)
 were male ages 45-46 years old and were high school graduates (53%). Seventy
 seven (77%) percent of them were married with 1-4 members of the family. They
 were engaged in farming for many years, ranging from 1-51 years and above. While
 more than a quarter of the respondents are engaged in ruminant production from 47 to
 31 years. Cattle (61%) and cattle + goat (25%) were mostly the ruminants raised by
 the farmers. A combination of cut and carry, and grazing were their feeding system
 implemented using soilage and some were also using commercial feeds.
 Their recorded planting time of teosinte/maramais was May to October and
 96% of them are cultivating in upland areas. Farmers employ broadcast method of
 sowing in an area of below 500 sq m to 1000 sq m (66.05%) and some were planting
 in area up to 5000 sq m (7.55%) with a seeding rate of 0.5- 20 kg seeds. Likewise,
 those who were planting with distinct spaces had an area below 150 sq m to as wide
 as 600 sq m and were using a hill spacing of 15 cm-46 cm and a row spacing of 20
 cm-45 cm with 3-11 seeds per hill. Majority of the farmers do not irrigate their crops
 and solely depend on the rain. When it rains, farmers would apply inorganic fertilizer
 any time. The initial harvesting took place at vegetative stage, while the second
 cutting took place 31 days-50 days after the first cutting. The average fresh herbage
 yield per quadrant is 5.01 kg or 55.27 tons/ha. Tesosinte/maramais planted in
 September recorded the highest yield at 5.42 kg/quadrant or 52.74 tons/ha. While
 sowing method following a distinct spacing recorded higher yield at 5.86 kg/quadrant
 or 64.60 tons/ha compared to broadcast method. On the other hand, the calculated dry
 matter content ranges from 15.25- 30.50 percent with an average of 25.67%. Lastly
 according to the respondents, teosinte is cultivated for its persistency, moderate and
 high yield, simplicity of cultivation and ability to adapt better to enhanced
 management.  2lcccTHEDIS  c24293d24293  00102lcc4070aMMSU_MAINbMMSU_MAINcTHESESd2024-12-09i7480l0pUTHESIS-7480r2024-12-09w2024-12-09yTHEDISzRoom Use Only