Putulan, Mia I. <br/><br/>
Production performance and egg quality of Japanese quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica) offered with fermented kangkong juice / 
Putulan, Mia I. 
 - City of Batac :   MMSU,   2024. 
 - xiii, 69 leaves :  29 cm.  
<br/><br/> Thesis (BS in Agriculture major in Animal Science)  -- Mariano Marcos State University-College of Agriculture, Food and Sustainable Development, Batac City  
<br/><br/>Bibliography : leaves 47-55 
<br/><br/> This research explored the utilization of Fermented Kangkong Juice (FKJ) as <br/>water additive to enhance the egg quality and production performance of Japanese <br/>quails (Coturnix coturnix japonica). The study aimed to minimize costs by replacing <br/>synthetic additives with FKJ, derived from fermented upland kangkong leaves. The <br/>research encompassed a 60-day experiment conducted in Barangay 25-S Payao, City <br/>of Batac, Ilocos Norte, involving 150 five- to six-week-old Japanese quail pullets. <br/>The research employed a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with <br/>five treatments, including a control group with pure water, a commercial water additive, <br/>and experimental groups with varying levels (30, 40, and 50 ml) of FKJ mixed with <br/>1000 ml of drinking water. Parameters measured included the growth (final weight and <br/>gain in weight), morbidity and mortality rates, laying performance (HDEP, feed <br/>consumption, and FCR), and external (egg weight, egg mass, and shape index) and <br/>internal (yolk color) egg quality including the profitability (net income and ROI) of <br/>using FKJ in Japanese quail egg production. <br/>Results indicated no significant differences in all measured parameters for the <br/>growth, health, egg quality, and laying performance of Japanese quails. However, the <br/>highest gross income was observed in T1 (PhP 3,101.00), followed by those in T3 (PhP <br/>3,072.00). The lowest gross return was obtained from T0 amounting to PhP 2,888.00.  <br/>In conclusion, while FKJ did not yield significant improvements in the studied <br/>parameters, it offers potential as a natural supplement. Recommendations include <br/>incorporating 30-40 ml of FKJ in a liter of water as a substitute to commercially <br/>available water additive or multivitamins. To recover the capital invested in quail <br/>production, the researcher suggests continuing in the business until it reaches a point <br/>of diminishing returns. To gain higher profit without compromising growth, laying <br/>performance and egg quality, Japanese quails can be given with pure drinking water <br/>only and Future researchers can consider increasing the levels of FKJ supplemented in <br/>the drinking water as well as the increments per treatment.