000			02698nam a22001817a 4500
003			OSt
005			20240910093050.0
008			240910b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
040			_aMMSU _cULS
100			_aBerenguer, Marian Angle S.
245			_aGreen synthesis of silver nanoparticles using mandarin orange (citrus reticulata) peel extract / _cMarian Angle S. Berenguer
260			_aCity of Batac : _bMMSU, _c2024.
300			_axiv, 58 leaves : _c29 cm.
500			_aUTHESIS (Bachelor of Science in Ceramic Engineering)
504			_aBibliography : leaves 36-39
520			_aThere are several methods for synthesizing silver nanoparticles (AgNPs), including chemical reduction, microemulsion, sonochemical, sol-gel, and electrochemical techniques. However, these chemical methods can be toxic and expensive. In contrast, green synthesis using plant extracts, such as mandarin orange peel (MOP) extract, offers a non-toxic, eco-friendly, and cost-effective alternative for producing AgNPs. Thus, there is a need for "green synthesis" of nanoparticles, this method avoids the use of high temperatures, pressures, energy, and toxic chemicals. Silver nanoparticles are synthesized by the reduction of silver ions to neutral silver atoms. This is achieved by the reduction of silver ions by a reducing agent. In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized through a green synthesis method using the extracts from Mandarin Orange Peel (MOP) that acts as a reducing agent. The effects of reaction time on the nanoparticles were investigated. Four (4) treatments (reaction times) were conducted, each with three (3) replicates. Following the reaction times, the samples underwent a centrifugation process to separate the particles from the solution, and then it was characterized and analyzed utilizing XRF and SEM technique. The pH level 4.9 adhered to the standard acidity criteria, and the maximum absorption peak wavelength which is 390nm of the MOP extract was within the acceptable range. The visible color change from light yellow to dark brown indicated the rapid formation and nucleation of silver nanoparticles. The percentage yield extracted from the solution obtained was low, having the highest yield of 11.80% only. Based on the XRF data analysis, (Ag) was not detected due to the detection limits of the instrument. SEM revealed that the synthesized AgNPs exhibited a structure consisting of spherical and cubical structures and average sizes fall within the standard nanoparticles range of 1-100 nm. The smallest AgNPs, averaging 33.59 nm in size, were synthesized through a 24-hour reaction.
942			_2lcc _cTHEDIS
999			_c23512 _d23512